The question “Is there mango in the USA?” seems almost absurd. Of course, there’s mango in the USA! But the reality is far more nuanced than a simple yes or no answer. While mangoes are readily available in most parts of the country, the types, quality, availability throughout the year, and even the taste can vary significantly. This article explores the fascinating world of mangoes in the USA, delving into where they come from, the different varieties you can find, and how to choose the perfect mango.
Mango Availability in the United States: A Seasonal Delight
Mangoes aren’t native to the United States, meaning they’re primarily imported or grown in specific regions with suitable climates. This influences their availability, making them more abundant during certain times of the year. The primary mango season in the US generally runs from spring through summer, peaking around May and June.
Imported Mangoes: A Global Journey to Your Table
The majority of mangoes sold in the USA are imported from countries around the world. These imports are essential to meeting the high demand, especially outside of the domestic growing season.
Some of the major mango-exporting countries that supply the US market include:
- Mexico: A significant supplier, particularly during the spring and early summer months.
- Guatemala: Another key player, providing mangoes during similar timeframes.
- Ecuador: Contributes to the mango supply, often bridging the gap between other seasons.
- Peru: A major exporter, extending the mango season into the fall.
- Brazil: Supplies mangoes, helping to maintain availability throughout the year.
These countries offer a diverse range of mango varieties, each with its unique flavor profile, texture, and appearance. The specific varieties available will depend on the time of year and the importer.
Domestic Mango Production: A Tropical Taste in Limited Regions
While imports dominate the market, the USA does have some domestic mango production. This is primarily concentrated in two states with subtropical climates:
- Florida: South Florida, in particular, is well-suited for mango cultivation.
- California: Certain areas of Southern California also support mango growth.
The domestic mango season is relatively short compared to the import season. Florida mangoes are typically available from late spring to early fall, while California mangoes have a shorter season, usually in late summer. Domestic mangoes are often highly prized for their freshness and flavor, but their availability is limited to specific regions and times of year.
Exploring Mango Varieties Available in the USA
One of the most exciting aspects of mangoes is the sheer diversity of varieties. Each type boasts a unique combination of sweetness, tartness, aroma, and texture. While not every variety is readily available across the USA, you’ll likely encounter a selection of popular and flavorful options.
Popular Imported Mango Varieties
Here are some of the most common imported mango varieties you’ll find in US grocery stores:
- Tommy Atkins: This is probably the most widely available mango variety in the US. It’s known for its large size, vibrant red and green skin, and relatively firm, fibrous flesh. While not the sweetest or most flavorful, it ships well and has a long shelf life.
- Haden: Haden mangoes are characterized by their reddish-yellow skin and sweet, slightly tangy flavor. They’re often available during the spring months.
- Kent: Kent mangoes are known for their large size, green skin that may blush with red, and sweet, rich flavor. They have minimal fiber and are excellent for eating fresh or using in smoothies. They are typically available later in the season, often in the late summer and fall.
- Keitt: Keitt mangoes are another late-season variety with green skin, even when ripe. They have a sweet, tangy flavor and are known for their smooth, fiber-free flesh.
- Ataulfo (Honey Mango): These small, yellow mangoes are prized for their incredibly sweet, creamy, and fiber-free flesh. They are typically available from Mexico and are a favorite among mango enthusiasts.
Notable Domestic Mango Varieties
If you have access to Florida or California-grown mangoes, you might encounter some of these unique varieties:
- Manilita: A type of mango developed in Miami, Florida, known for their smaller size and incredible flavor.
- Julie: A Caribbean-type mango that grows well in home gardens.
- Francis: A small mango that originated in Haiti, known for its orange-colored skin and sweet taste.
- Glenn: A Florida variety with red skin and a sweet, rich flavor.
Availability of these varieties is subject to the specific growers and local markets in these states.
Choosing the Perfect Mango: Ripeness and Quality
Selecting a ripe and delicious mango can be tricky, but with a few tips, you can increase your chances of finding a winner.
Assessing Ripeness: Feel, Smell, and Appearance
- Feel: Gently squeeze the mango. A ripe mango should give slightly to pressure, similar to a ripe avocado or peach. Avoid mangoes that are rock hard or feel mushy.
- Smell: A ripe mango will have a fragrant, fruity aroma, especially near the stem end. If it smells sour or fermented, it’s likely overripe.
- Appearance: Color isn’t always the best indicator of ripeness, as different varieties have different colors when ripe. However, look for mangoes with smooth, unblemished skin. Avoid mangoes with bruises, dark spots, or signs of damage.
Handling and Storing Mangoes
- Unripe Mangoes: If you buy unripe mangoes, store them at room temperature. They will ripen naturally within a few days. To speed up the ripening process, place them in a paper bag with an apple or banana.
- Ripe Mangoes: Once ripe, mangoes can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days to slow down further ripening.
- Cut Mangoes: Cut mangoes should be stored in an airtight container in the refrigerator and consumed within a day or two.
Beyond Fresh Eating: Culinary Uses of Mangoes
Mangoes are incredibly versatile and can be used in a wide range of culinary applications, from sweet to savory.
Sweet Treats: Desserts and Snacks
- Smoothies and Juices: Mangoes add a tropical sweetness and creamy texture to smoothies and juices.
- Salsas and Chutneys: Mangoes can be used to make sweet and spicy salsas and chutneys, which pair well with grilled meats, fish, or vegetables.
- Salads: Cubed mangoes add a refreshing sweetness to salads, especially those with grilled chicken or shrimp.
- Ice Cream and Sorbets: Mangoes can be pureed and used to make delicious homemade ice cream and sorbets.
Savory Dishes: Adding a Tropical Twist
- Grilled Mango: Grilling mangoes caramelizes their sugars and enhances their flavor. Grilled mango can be served as a side dish or used in salads.
- Mango Curry: Mangoes can be incorporated into curries to add sweetness and depth of flavor.
- Mango Sticky Rice: The classic Southeast Asian dessert makes great use of mangoes.
The Nutritional Benefits of Mangoes
Beyond their delicious taste, mangoes offer a range of nutritional benefits.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Mangoes are a good source of Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and folate.
- Antioxidants: Mangoes contain antioxidants that help protect against cell damage.
- Fiber: Mangoes provide dietary fiber, which aids in digestion.
Conclusion: Mangoes in the USA – A Sweet Success Story
So, to definitively answer the question: Yes, there are mangoes in the USA! While mangoes aren’t native to most of the country, they are readily available through imports and domestic production in Florida and California. The variety of mangoes you can find in the US is impressive, ranging from the common Tommy Atkins to the prized Ataulfo. By understanding the different varieties, how to assess ripeness, and the many ways to enjoy them, you can make the most of the mango season and savor the tropical sweetness this fruit has to offer. Enjoy your mango adventures!
Is it possible to find mangoes in the USA year-round?
Mangoes are generally available in the USA throughout the year, but availability peaks during certain seasons. The availability depends largely on import schedules from different growing regions across the globe. During the warmer months, you’ll likely find a wider selection and lower prices due to harvesting seasons in various countries and domestic production.
While you can often find mangoes, the variety and quality might fluctuate depending on the time of year. Look for grocery stores specializing in international produce or those with a strong focus on fresh fruits. These are more likely to have mangoes available even during off-peak seasons and may carry a wider range of varieties to choose from.
What are the most common mango varieties available in US grocery stores?
The most common mango variety found in US grocery stores is the Tommy Atkins mango. Known for its large size, vibrant red-yellow skin, and relatively long shelf life, it’s a popular choice for commercial growers and retailers. While its flavor might not be as intense as some other varieties, it’s consistently available and affordable.
Other mango varieties commonly found, though sometimes seasonally, include the Haden, Kent, and Keitt. The Haden is known for its sweet and aromatic flavor, while the Kent is favored for its fiber-free flesh. The Keitt is a late-season variety, offering a sweet and tangy taste and often available when other varieties are less abundant.
Where are most of the mangoes sold in the US sourced from?
A significant portion of mangoes sold in the United States are imported from Mexico. Mexico’s proximity and established trade relationships make it a major supplier, particularly during the spring and summer months. This proximity also ensures relatively fast delivery, maintaining freshness.
Beyond Mexico, mangoes are sourced from various countries, including Peru, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Brazil. Some mangoes are also grown domestically in Florida and California, although the quantities are smaller compared to imports. The specific country of origin can often be found on stickers or labels on the mangoes themselves.
What are the telltale signs of a ripe mango when shopping in the US?
A ripe mango is typically slightly soft to the touch. Gently squeeze the mango; it should yield slightly to pressure, similar to a ripe avocado or peach. Avoid mangoes that are rock hard or excessively soft, as these might be underripe or overripe, respectively.
Contrary to popular belief, color isn’t always the best indicator of ripeness, as mango colors vary greatly by variety. However, a mango with a fragrant aroma near the stem end is often a good sign of ripeness. Also, check for any blemishes or bruises, as these can indicate damage or decay inside the fruit.
Are there any farmers’ markets in the US where I can buy locally grown mangoes?
Yes, in regions with suitable climates like South Florida and Southern California, you can often find locally grown mangoes at farmers’ markets. These mangoes are typically available during the local growing season, which varies depending on the region but generally falls within the summer months. Farmers’ markets offer a chance to purchase directly from growers and often feature unique or less common varieties.
To find local mangoes, research farmers’ markets in these areas and check their vendor lists or contact the market organizers directly to inquire about mango availability. Websites or social media pages for local farmers’ markets often provide information about seasonal produce. Attending farmers’ markets allows you to support local agriculture and enjoy fresher, more flavorful mangoes.
How do US regulations impact the quality and safety of imported mangoes?
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) play crucial roles in regulating the quality and safety of imported mangoes. The USDA sets standards for grading and sizing, ensuring that imported mangoes meet certain quality requirements before entering the US market. This includes standards for maturity, appearance, and freedom from defects.
The FDA is responsible for ensuring the safety of imported mangoes, particularly regarding pesticide residues and potential contaminants. They conduct inspections and testing to ensure that mangoes comply with US food safety regulations. These regulations help protect consumers from harmful substances and ensure that imported mangoes are safe to eat.
How can I store mangoes properly after buying them in the USA?
If you purchase mangoes that are not yet ripe, store them at room temperature. Avoid refrigerating them, as this can hinder the ripening process. Place them in a paper bag or near other fruits like bananas or apples, as these fruits release ethylene gas, which promotes ripening.
Once the mangoes are ripe, you can store them in the refrigerator to slow down further ripening. Ripe mangoes can typically last for up to five days in the refrigerator. Alternatively, you can peel and cut the mango into cubes and freeze them for later use in smoothies or desserts.